Abstract This paper provides an overview of various optimisation techniques available in multimodal fusion in human-computer interaction. Humans use a variety of modes of information to recognize people and understand their activity. Fusion of multiple sources of information is a mechanism to robustly recognize human activity. The overview includes the basic definitions and approaches of quality based fusion and contains the survey of various technique evolved for fusion with optimisation. This paper also highlights the features of quality based fusion over traditional fusion. It proposes the optimized fusion of various modes of senses and error analysis in human-computer interaction applications.

Abstract The Spectrum sensing technique is the technique which optimize the sensing threshold, sensing time, and transmit power of a multi-input multi-output (MIMO) Cognitive Radio system for maximization of the opportunistic system throughput under transmit power, probability of false alarm, and probability of missed detection constraints. The transmission protocol allows the CR user to simultaneously perform data transmission and spectrum sensing on different spatial sub channels. Since finding the global optimal solution of these problems entails a very high complexity, the development of two iterative algorithms are based on the concept of alternating optimization and solve only convex sub problems in each iteration. Hence the Simulation will show the developed algorithms closely approach the global optimal performance and achieve performance gains compared to baseline schemes employing equal powers or equal sensing times in all sub channels.

Abstract K-Means algorithm to classify or to group objects based on attributes/features into K number of group. Grouping is done by minimizing the sum of squares of distances between data and the corresponding cluster centroid. The purpose of K-mean clustering is classify the data. Map Reduce is a software framework for easily writing applications which process vast amounts of data. One of the major drawbacks of the Map-Reduce (MR) model is to simplify reliability and fault tolerance. It does not preserve data in memory across consecutive MR jobs. The Bulk Synchronous Parallelism (BSP) programming model, as an alternative to the MR model that does not suffer from this restriction and under certain circumstances allows complex repetitive algorithms to run entirely in the collective memory of a cluster.

Abstract The operation of multiplication is present in several parts of a digital system or digital computer. It is extensively used in signal processing, graphics and scientific computation. With advancement in technology, various techniques have been proposed to design multipliers, with higher speed, lower power consumption and lesser area. Thus high speeds, low power compact VLSI implementations can be accomplished. These three parameters i.e. power, area and speed are always main traded off to accomplish. Multiplication involves two basic operations: the generation of partial products and their accumulation. Partial products can be reduced by using the Radix_4 modified Booth algorithm. The parallel multipliers like radix 4 modified booth multiplier do the computations using lesser adders and lesser iterative steps. The design is proposed for implementation of Booth multiplier using VHDL. This compares the power consumption and delay of radix 2 and modified Booth multipliers. The modified Booth multiplier with ripple carry adder will have power reduction than the conventional radix 2 Booth Multiplier.

Abstract In this paper, a software wireless communication simulator performed which simulates a Code division Multiple Access (CDMA) as Wireless cellular telephony has been growing at a faster rate than wired-line telephone networks. This growth has also been fueled by the recent improvements in the capacity of wireless links due to the use of multiple access techniques (which allow many users to share the same channel for transmission) in association with advanced signal processing algorithms. The simulator is a tool to evaluate these design opinions and trades in different scenarios. An efficient method of system is used to speed up the simulations. The simulator can be used to study the performance of a CDMA with variation in system parameters and channel conditions. In this simulator we change the attenuation factor and simulate CDMA with RAKE receiver and without RAKE receiver. Furthermore, we will compare the BER in received data with and without RAKE receiver and also using PIC technique to eliminate further multiple access and multipath interference to improve the performance of the rake receiver.

Abstract Natural Frequency Resonance -Recipe for Failure. All objects in the universe resonate at their natural frequency when excited. This can cause catastrophic failures in structures, machines, and components. This is relevant in a power plant scenario also. "The principle cannot fail. It is as powerful when applied to the earth as it is when applied to a [violin note shattering a] wineglass, a [boy pushing a man on a] swing, or a steel link. Anyone who doubts should only bear in mind the illustration of the swing. A small boy, by each time adding a pound to the force with which a 200-pound man swings, can soon set the man swinging with the force of 500 pounds. It is necessary only to keep adding a little force at the right time." Nikola Tesla – the master of resonance.